2012 en aanverwante zaken

Ismaili	Afghanistan	-	-	-	-	1998	Gall, Timothy L. (ed). Worldmark Encyclopedia of Culture & Daily Life: Vol. 3 - Asia & Oceania. Cleveland, OH: Eastword Publications Development (1998); pg. 16-17.	"Afghanistan is one of the most solidly Muslim countries in the world... About 10-20% of Afghanis are Shi'ah Muslims, of both the Imami and Ismaili sects. "
Ismaili	Asia	-	-	-	-	1200 C.E.	Cavendish, Richard (ed.). Man, Myth & Magic: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Supernatural (vol. 11). New York: Marshall Cavendish Corp. (1970); pg. 1472.	"Ismailis... the Fatimid rulers of Egypt from the 10th century were Ismailis and so were the Assassins... of Persia and Syria in the 12th and 13th centuries: the present imam of the Ismailis is the Aga Khan. "
Ismaili	Egypt	-	-	-	-	1000 C.E.	Cavendish, Richard (ed.). Man, Myth & Magic: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Supernatural (vol. 11). New York: Marshall Cavendish Corp. (1970); pg. 1472.	"Ismailis. Sect of Islam, named for Ismail (d. 760), eldest son of the sixth imam or spiritual leader of the Shia Moslems, excluded from the succession by his father: in the 9th century Ismaili preachers proclaimed the imminent return to earth of Ismail's son as the Mahdi, or Messiah: the Fatimid rulers of Egypt from the 10th century were Ismailis... "
Ismaili	Egypt	-	-	-	-	1171 C.E.	Cavendish, Richard (ed.). Man, Myth & Magic: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Supernatural (vol. 11). New York: Marshall Cavendish Corp. (1970); pg. 1470.	"...the Fatimid Caliphate which conquered Egypt and rujled there till overthrown by Saladin in 1171. During its ascendancy Egypt was a centre of culture, and many Fatimid buildings and works of art remain. "
Ismaili	Germany	300	-	-	-	1998	LINK web site: "Religionswissenschaftlicher Medien- und Informationsdienst e.V. " [REMID: Religious Studies Media and Information Service, Marburg, Germany]; web page: "Informationen und Standpunkte " (viewed 2 Aug. 1999).	Table: "Religious communities in Germany: Numbers of members " [data published July, 1999]; Listed as "Ismailiten ('Siebener-Schiiten') " in table. Source: Spuler-Stegemann.; Listed in 'Islam' section. Number of adherents listed as "200-300 "
Ismaili	Iran	-	-	-	-	1999	Lyle, Garry. Iran (series: Major World Nations), Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers (1999); pg. 87.	"Members of a few other Islamic sects live in Iran... Ismailism... lingers on in Iran and other Islamic countries... "
Ismaili	Middle East	-	-	-	-	1992	Ovendale, Ritchie. The Longman Companion to The Middle East since 1914. London & New York: Longman (1992); pg. 218-219.	"Ismailis (Fatimid Ismailis): A group of Shiites which does not recognize Musa al-Kazim (d. 799) as the seventh Imam, but consider Ismail, the other son of al-Kazim's father, Jafar al-Sadiq (d. 765) as the last Imam visible on earth. Fatimid Ismailis, for this reason, are sometimes also called the Seveners. Ismailis are divided as to whether they acknowledge Ismail as a seventh Imam, or one of his sons. When the Ismailis spread into North Africa in the 10th to 12th centuries the Fatimids of Egypt recognized a son of Ismail's son, Muhammad. The fourth Fatimid caliph founded Cairo in 969. "
Ismaili	Pakistan	-	-	-	-	1974	Lang, Robert. The Land and People of Pakistan (Portraits of the Nations series). Philadelphia & New York: J. B. Lippincott Co. (revised edition 1974); pg. 129.	"An unusual offshoot of the Shi'as is the Ismaili sect, under the leadership of the Agha Khan, the fabulously wealthy young Muslim who graduated from Harvard... and now lives in Paris. There are now Ismailis in Pakistan, particularly on the northwest frontier; the Hunzas in Gilgit are members of this sect. "
Ismaili	Tunisia	-	-	-	-	910 C.E.	Cavendish, Richard (ed.). Man, Myth & Magic: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Supernatural (vol. 11). New York: Marshall Cavendish Corp. (1970); pg. 1470.	"The Ismailites are a smaller branch of Shiites, but came into prominence earlier than the Imamites. They believe in seven imams. A dynasty was established in Tunisia in 910 headed by Ubaydallah, called the Mahdi, a reputed descendant of Mohammed's daughter Fatima. This was the Fatimid Caliphate which conquered Egypt and ruled there till overthrown by Saladin in 1171. "
Ismaili	world	-	-	-	-	765 C.E.	Occhiogrosso, Peter. The Joy of Sects: A Spirited Guide to the World's Religious Traditions. New York: Doubleday (1996); pg. 433.	"In 765, the Shiites split into two sects, the Seveners and the Twelvers (Ithna Asharis or Imami). "
Ismaili	world	-	-	-	-	1981	Crim, Keith (ed.). The Perennial Dictionary of World Religions. San Francisco: Harper Collins (1989). Reprint; originally pub. as Abingdon Dictionary of Living Religions, 1981; pg. 635.	"Sab'iyya (Arab; lit. 'sevener'). A name applied to the Isma'iliyya (especially the Qarmatians), who restricted the Imams to seven... The term sab'iyya was in all probability first used to signify the Ismaili doctrine that history is divided into seven eras... "; Pg. 636: "Dissemination of the Sab'iyya doctrines in different parts of the Muslim world resulted in the appearance of the revolutionary governments of the Qarmatians, Fatimids, Assassins, and other Ismaili groups. The Druzes can also be traced back to the early Sab'iyya... [later] the present day Nizari and... Must'ali Ismailis. "

Ismaili	world	-	-	-	-	1993	Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck & Jane Idleman Smith. Mission to America: Five Islamic Sectarian Communities in North America; Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida (1993); pg. 4-5.	"At present there are 2 Isma'ili [Seveners] groups. The Nizari Isma'ilis recognize the legitimacy of Nizar, whose line of Imams has continued from 1095 to today... Nizaris live mainly in Pakistan, India, West Africa, Syria, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan... " Other Isma'ili branches are Musta'lians and Druze.
Ismaili	world	-	-	-	-	1994	LINK Hexham, Irving. Concise Dictionary of Religion. Carol Stream, USA: InterVarsity Press (1994). (v. online 6 Oct. 1999)	"ISMAILIS: a dynamic and essentially LIBERAL SECTARIAN ISLAMIC movement developing from the SHI'A... "
Ismaili	world	-	-	-	-	1996	Occhiogrosso, Peter. The Joy of Sects: A Spirited Guide to the World's Religious Traditions. New York: Doubleday (1996); pg. 434.	"The Seveners, also called Ismailis, recognize only 6 of 12 Imams of the Shiites, the 7th being Ismail ibn Jafar (d. 760)+ The Ismailis are still an influential force, especially in India, led by Imam Prince Karim+ The Persian poet Omar Khayyam is thought to have been an Ismaili. "
Ismaili	Yemen	316,000	2.00%	-	-	1998	Gall, Timothy L. (ed). Worldmark Encyclopedia of Culture & Daily Life: Vol. 3 - Asia & Oceania. Cleveland, OH: Eastword Publications Development (1998); pg. 830-832.	[Article: Yemenis] "Location: Republic of Yemen; Population: 15.8 million "; "Some 2% of the population are Ismaili Shi'ah, a sect that is similar to the Zaydis. "