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'These men went through hell for you'

The United States entered the war in December 1941. The U-boat offensive moved to America's east coast. Within weeks the huge losses they suffered threatened the whole Allied war effort. It was six months before both a coastal blackout and coastal patrols were introduced. By then, what the U-boat crews called their 'American turkey shoot' had cost 149 ships. These included many vital oil tankers and totalled over 2 million tons.