Faces First... This is the fellow who challenged the Standard Model of Sol and other stars in 1999, submitting the work to NASA's Breakthrough Propulsions Program along with the U.P.S.I.D.A.I.S.I.U.M. Project. NASA's "Warp Drive When" site at that time seemed a bit off kilter and even light hearted with statements by Marc Millis such as "Baby Engineers are weened on Star Trek." This guy began as a mechanical engineer with a minor in Aircraft Design received through the U.S. Armed Forces Education Service, thus University of Maryland. The POCEP program through which I earned my BScME was (and still may be) classified. The most I'll unveil is we were secret "weapons" being readied to level all development in North Vietnam. The war ended before we were completely trained as chopper pilots able to field strip, bury then recover the aircrafts in lieu of pick-up... if we lived through it all. I took the offer to go home. In 1974 I left the 3d Infantry with an Honorable Discharge.

This all has taken me on a journey through a popourri of engineering assignments. Some have taken me close to 737's and others to the design of nuclear BVN class destroyers, where others have been in the plastics industry or earth moving equipment design. The astrophysics has been a long term study over about 40 years. My Doctorate is prima facie and autodidactic for the most part. I simply got tired of waiting for NASA to send out word. On the other hand, by no means is this website an appeal to ignorance.

What I've illustrated below is a concept I've been after since being encouraged into researching electromagnetic propulsion since age 17 in my Junior Year high school electronics class. That one teachers opinion and direction has stayed with me for the rest of my life, but it would not be an easy road to what I first thought would be an antigravity propulaion system incorporated into a star ship. The propblem with "brute force" electromagnetic propulsion resided in the electronics teacher's words, "It would work, but it'll take a powplant capable of powering New York City to get it off the ground."

 With that the quest began for a fusion powerplant and tokamaks weren't delivering. Initially I conceptualized a spherical device, based upon our best model: Sol.  As it turned out, when doing the math, I found that high compression and high temperatures knocked the equation of state completely out of the picture. That meant fusion byy compression was not viable for very long because the particle/waves were being overlapped to the degree that the hydrogen in massive systems, such as a star, would become molecular, then metallic, neither form being capable of producing a plasma. The energy would escape too quickly if fusion occurred at all in the star. The pinch effect of a tokamak was found time after time to exemplify this problem, but scientific hierarchy has its food chain as does every other organized effort, and there has never been any research capital for me other than what I've generated by working as an engineer in a unique spectrum of assignments, then I stumbled into the sign trade, being a reasonably adroit artist, and the funds along with the time became more abundant, but not enough to build what I now believe is a device that capitalizes on the Casimer effect and would not only deflect gravity around and through a toroid field, it would open a wormhole as well.

 Enter Shoemaker-Levy 9! During the anouncements of SL9's coming, some of the news broadcasts suggested the impacts of the comet fragments might ignite Jupiter into a second class M star. I thought this was hog wash because the planet is already known to be mostly molecular hydrogen layered around metallic hydrogen and progressively around a small core much as a G2 star should have. At this time I began wondering if the impacts would cause fusion as a plume. Although it turned out they did not, I was already developing a theory of solid areas within a star that were cryogenic, forming a 5th isotope of hydrogen. In 2006, SOHO had enough information to confirm the shear layer rotated "as a solid sphere," but not enough to depict it as an actual solid layer till it finally did in 2005.

The "iron sun" theory failed. Mine held water and that may be literal...

I'll continue this inside and in discussion, but I'm a doctor of astrophysics now. Not because NASA graced me with an honorary dgree, but because I complained about those degrees not showing up and in April this year a locval circuit court judge conceded that I should be known as Doctor.

I practice General Science and I plan to do it right! Take it or leave it... I do my work "just out of the box."

Dr. Charbonneau